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Dr. Gregory Karczmar is a Professor of Radiology and Medical Physics, and
Director of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Spectroscopy Laboratory. He
teaches imaging physics and biomedical applications of imaging to graduate
students and residents. The goal of his research is to develop magnetic
resonance methods for early detection of breast and prostate cancer and
for image guided therapy.
Dr. Karczmar has been at the University of Chicago since 1989. In addition
to his work there, he serves on the Research Advisory Committee of the
American Cancer Society of Illinois, and the Radiation Therapy and Biology
Study Section at the National Institutes of Health. He serves on the
CALGB imaging committee, and the editorial board of Magnetic Resonance
in Medicine. Updated
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH (pdf) |
EDUCATION
B.S., Reed College in Portland, Oregon, 1977
M.S., University of California at Berkeley, 1980
Ph.D., University of California at Berkeley, 1984
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Early detection of breast and prostrate cancer, Non-invasive evaluation of
cancer response to therapy
Image guided design of cancer therapy, Development of improved MR imaging
methods.
Selected peer-reviewed
publications from over 80
1. Al-Hallaq HA, Zamora M, Fish BL, Farrell A, Moulder JE, Karczmar GS.
MRI measurements correctly predict the relative effects of tumor
oxygenating agents on hypoxic fraction in rodent BA1112 tumors. Int J
Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000, 47 (2) 481-8
2. Evelhoch JL, Gillies RJ, Karczmar GS, Koutcher JA, Maxwell RJ,
Nalcioglu O, Raghunand N, Ronen SM, Ross BD, Swartz HM. Applications of
magnetic resonance in model systems: cancer therapeutics. Neoplasia 2000,
2 (1-2) 152-65
3. Karczmar GS, Fan X, Al-Hallaq HA, Zamora M, River JN, Rinker-Schaeffer
C, Zaucha M, Tarlo K, Kellar K. Uptake of a superparamagnetic contrast
agent imaged by MR with high spectral and spatial resolution. Magn Reson
Med 2000, 43 (5) 633-9
4. Fan X, River JN, Zamora M, Tarlo K, Kellar K, Rinker-Schaeffer C,
Karczmar GS. Differentiation of nonmetastatic and metastatic rodent
prostate tumors with high spectral and spatial resolution MRI. Magn Reson
Med 2001, 45 (6) 1046-55
5. Al-Hallaq HA, Fan X, Zamora M, River JN, Moulder JE, Karczmar GS.
Spectrally inhomogeneous BOLD contrast changes detected in rodent tumors
with high spectral and spatial resolution MRI. NMR Biomed 2002, 15 (1)
28-36
6. Du W, Karczmar GS, Pan X. Effects of constant frequency noise in
magnetic resonance imaging with nonuniform k-space sampling. Med Phys
2002, 29 (8) 1832-8
7. Du W, Du YP, Bick U, Fan X, MacEneaney PM, Zamora MA, Medved M,
Karczmar GS. Breast MR imaging with high spectral and spatial resolutions:
preliminary experience. Radiology 2002, 224 (2) 577-85
8. Fan X, River JN, Zamora M, Al-Hallaq HA, Karczmar GS. Effect of
carbogen on tumor oxygenation: combined fluorine-19 and proton MRI
measurements. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002, 54 (4) 1202-9
9. Fan X, Du W, MacEneaney P, Zamora M, Karczmar G. Structure of the water
resonance in small voxels in rat brain detected with high spectral and
spatial resolution MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2002, 16 (5) 547-52
10. Gillies RJ, Raghunand N, Karczmar GS, Bhujwalla ZM. MRI of the tumor
microenvironment. J Magn Reson Imaging 2002, 16 (4) 430-50
11. Karczmar GS, Du W, Medved M, Bick U, MacEneaney P, Du YP, Fan X,
Zamora M, Lipton M. Spectrally inhomogeneous effects of contrast agents in
breast lesion detected by high spectral and spatial resolution MRI. Acad
Radiol 2002, 9 Suppl 2 S352-4
12. Karczmar GS, Fan X, Al-Hallaq H, River JN, Tarlo K, Kellar KE, Zamora
M, Rinker-Schaeffer C, Lipton MJ. Functional and anatomic imaging of tumor
vasculature: high-resolution MR spectroscopic imaging combined with a
superparamagnetic contrast agent. Acad Radiol 2002, 9 Suppl 1 S115-8
13. Williams BB, al Hallaq H, Chandramouli GV, Bart ED, Rivers JN, Lewis
M, Galtsev VE, Karczmar GS, Halpern HJ. Imaging spin probe distribution in
the tumor of a living mouse with 250 MHz EPR: correlation with BOLD MRI.
Magn Reson Med 2002, 47 (4) 634-8
14. Du W, Du YP, Fan X, Zamora MA, Karczmar GS. Reduction of spectral
ghost artifacts in high-resolution echo-planar spectroscopic imaging of
water and fat resonances. Magn Reson Med 2003, 49 (6) 1113-20
15. Al-Hallaq HA, Zamora MA, Fish BL, Halpern HJ, Moulder JE, Karczmar GS.
Using high spectral and spatial resolution bold MRI to choose the optimal
oxygenating treatment for individual cancer patients. Adv Exp Med Biol
2003, 530 433-40
16. Elas M, Williams BB, Parasca A, Mailer C, Pelizzari CA, Lewis MA,
River JN, Karczmar GS, Barth ED, Halpern HJ. Quantitative tumor oxymetric
images from 4D electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI): methodology
and comparison with blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI. Magn Reson
Med 2003, 49 (4) 682-91
17. Medved M, Du W, Zamora MA, Fan X, Olopade OI, MacEneaney PM, Newstead
G, Karczmar GS. The effect of varying spectral resolution on the quality
of high spectral and spatial resolution magnetic resonance images of the
breast. J Magn Reson Imaging 2003, 18 (4) 442-8
18. Fan X, Medved M, River JN, Zamora M, Corot C, Robert P, Bourrinet P,
Lipton M, Culp RM, Karczmar GS. New model for analysis of dynamic
contrast-enhanced MRI data distinguishes metastatic from nonmetastatic
transplanted rodent prostate tumors. Magn Reson Med 2004, 51 (3) 487-94
19. M Medved, G Newstead, X Fan, W Du, Y Du, P MacEneaney, RM Culp, F
Kelcz, O Olopade, M Zamora, GS Karczmar. Fourier Components of
Inhomogeneously Broadened Water Resonances in Breast: A New Source of MRI
Contrast. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 52: 193-196, 2004.
20. AC Peterson, S Swiger, WM Stadler, M Medved, GS Karczmar, TF Gajewski:
Phase II study of the Flk-1 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5416 in advanced
melanoma. Clinical Cancer Research 10: 4048 - 4053, 2004.
21. C Yang, GS Karczmar, M Medved, W Stadler. Estimating the Arterial
Input Function Using Two Reference Tissues in Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced
MRI Studies. 1. Fundamental Concepts and Simulations. Magnetic Resonance
in Medicine 52: 1110-1117, 2004
22. M Medved, GS Karczmar, J Dignam, TF Gajewski, H Kindler, E Vokes, P
MacEneany, W Stadler. Semiquantitative analysis of dynamic contrast
enhanced MRI in cancer patients: Variability and changes in tumor tissue
over time. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 20: 122-128, 2004.
23. W Du, X Fan, S Foxley, M Zamora, J River, R Culp, GS Karczmar.
Comparison of high resolution echo-planar spectroscopic imaging with
conventional MR imaging of prostate tumors in mice. NMR in Biomedicine 18:
285 – 292, 2005.
24. W Du, GS Karczmar, S Uftring, YP Du. Anatomic and functional brain
imaging using high resolution echo-planar spectroscopic imaging at 1.5
Tesla. NMR in Biomedicine 18: 235 – 241, 2005.
25. M Medved, G Newstead, H Abe, M Zamora, O Olopade, GS Karczmar. High
spectral and spatial resolution MR imaging of breast lesions: preliminary
clinical experience. American Journal of Roentgenology, American Journal
of Roentgenology, 186: 30 – 37, 2006.
26. X Fan, JN River, AS Muresan, C Popescu, M Zamora, RM Culp, GS
Karczmar. MRI of perfluorocarbon emulsion kinetics in rodent mammary
tumors. Physics in Medicine and Biology 51: 211-220, 2006.
27. X Fan, M Medved, S Foxley, JN River, M Zamora, GS Karczmar, C Corot, P
Robert, P Bourrinet. Multi-slice dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using P760
distinguishes between metastatic and non-metastatic rodent prostate
tumors. MAGMA, 19: 15 -21, 2006.
Patents
GS Karczmar, DA Kovar, HA Al-Hallaq, M Zamora, JN River: Fast
Spectroscopic Imaging System, Patent No. 6,037,772: MR data acquisition
with high spectral and spatial resolution for improved anatomic and
functional images. Awarded March 14, 2000.
Research Support
Ongoing Research Support
R01 EB003108-03 (Karczmar) 09/15/03-07/31/07
NIH
High Spectral/Spatial Resolution Imaging Breast Cancer
The present application proposes technical improvements to HiSS and tests
of the method for imaging small breast lesions in women who later are
biopsied.
Role: P.I.
R01 CA078803-05A2 (Karczmar) 09/01/99 - 02/29/08
NIH
Fast Spectroscopic MR Imaging of Breast Cancer
The major goal of this proposal is to test the methods in a larger group
of women to increase the statistical power of the comparison between HiSS
MRI and conventional methods, and correlation of HiSS MRI with the results
of biopsy.
Role: P.I.
P30 CA14599-31 (LeBeau) 02/01/77-03/31/07
CRC
UCCRC-Cancer Center Support Grant; Subproject: MRIS Core Facility
The goal of this project is to develop of MRI methods, which guide design
and application of anti-angiogenesis therapies.
Role: PI
R01 CA113662-01 (Weichselbaum) 03/01/05 - 02/28/10
NCI/NIH
DNA Damage Targeted Gene Therapy in Head & Neck Cancer
The goal of this project is to define more consistently curative and less
toxic therapies.
Role: Investigator
R21 CA100996-01A2 (Karczmar) 05/01/05 - 04/30/06
NCI/NIH
Microvessel Density with High Spectral/Spatial MRI
The goal of this project is to develop methods for acquiring and
processing HiSS datasets to maximize sensitivity to contrast media and
evaluate whether HiSS MRI accurately detects angiogenesis.
Role: PI
R21 CA104774-01A2 (Newstead) 07/08/05-06/30/07
NIH/NCI
New Approaches to Sampling and Analyzing Contrast Media
The objective is to determine whether more complete sampling of contrast
media uptake and washout (referred to here as extended temporal sampling -
ETS) can identify breast abnormalities in the vicinity of MC’s and help to
distinguish DCIS from benign conditions.
Role: Investigator
R21 CA108184-01A2 (Stadler) 07/01/05 - 06/30/07
NIH/NCI
Dynamic-Contrast Enhanced MRI as a Bay 43-90 06 Maker
To determine whether the change in Ktrans obtained from DCE-MR images
after 4 weeks of treatment are greater in the Sorafenib treated groups as
compared to the placebo group. 2) To model the degree
of change in AUC60 or Ktrans with the steady state concentration of both
Sorafenib and its active metabolites
Role: Investigator
R21 CA116939-01 (Karczmar) 07/01/05-06/30/07
NIH/NIBIB
Dynamic Spatial and Spectral Contrast Enhanced MRI of Breast
The long-term objective is to test the hypothesis that: Improved sampling
of the temporal, spectral, and spatial dimensions of MRI datasets
increases sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of breast cancer, and
can be implemented for routine clinical use.
Role: PI
Completed Research Support:
DAMD17-02-1-0033 (Karczmar) 12/24/01 – 01/23/06
USAMRAA
Angiogenesis and Invasiveness in Prostate Cancer Detected with High
Spectral & spatial Resolution MRI
The goal of this project is to develop new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
methods to improve early and accurate detection of prostate cancer, and
guide treatment of the cancer.
This new, more specific and sensitive MRI methods would have a significant
impact on the clinical management of prostate cancer.
Role: PI
R21 CA089408-01A1 (Karczmar) 04/01/02 - 03/31/05
NCI
High Spectral & Spatial Resolution MRI of Rodent Tumors
The proposed research tests the hypothesis that contrast enhanced HiSS MRI
can distinguish metastatic tumors from non-metastatic tumors based on
measures of image texture and edge delineation. We will develop methods
for acquiring and processing HiSS datasets to maximize contrast, edge
delineation and signal-to-noise ratio.
Role: PI
P30 CA14599-30 (LeBeau) 02/01/77-03/31/05
NIH/CRC
Anti-angiogenic effects of green tea – Evaluation by MRI and EPRI
This pilot study will provide a foundation for applications of
multimodality imaging to evaluate effects of green tea and other
anti-oxidants on tumor vasculature.
Role: PI
R01 CA75476 (Karczmar) 09/01/99 - 06/30/03
NCI
Effects of Radiosensitizers Measured by MRI
The goal of this project is to test the hypothesis that decreases in
line-width of MR water signals in tumors caused by TOX’s correlate with
changes in pO2 measured by 19F MRI and oxygen microelectrodes.
Role: PI |
